Ultrahigh beam vacuum 10-¹⁰ Torr (~3 million molecules/cm³) , we want to avoid collisions with gas molecules  

In space the pressure decreases with the altitude from the pressure of 760 Torr at sea level. Up to 100 km altitude (troposphere and stratosphere) the pressure decreases quite regularly by a factor of 10 per 15 km altitude, which results in a pressure of 10^-3 Torr at about 90 km altitude. The ionosphere (100-400 km) contains a large number of ionized atoms, and its pressure decreases only by a factor of 10 every 100-200 km. This decrease results in a pressure of about 10^-10 Torr at an altitude of 1,000 km.

At 10,000 km the pressure is about 10^-13 Torr. The pressure measured on space crafts are determined by the spacecraft velocity and gas particle concentration.
 See What is a vacuum?    (10^-9 Torr - 3x10⁷ molecules/cm³   10^-13 Torr 3x10³ molecules/cm³ )

Distance to moon: 380,000 km

LHC has the particularity of having not one, but three vacuum systems:
- insulation vacuum for cryomagnets,
- insulation vacuum for helium distribution line (QRL)
- and beam vacuum.

The insulation vacuum system for the cryomagnets at 10^-6 Torr is interesting. There is ~9000 m³ of pumped volume in the LHC, like pumping down a cathedral.

(from LHC design report: one sees around 9000 m^3 for the cryomagnet insulation vacuum and 5000 m^3 for the QRL.)

The beam vacuum volume is small in comparison.

Vacuum - Materials

The cold bore tubes of the dipole magnets are seamless non-magnetic austenitic steel tubes 15.6 m long. The insulated cold bore tubes are placed in the aperture of the coils and form part of the inner wall of the helium vessel that contains the active part of the magnet. The cold bore tube is the passage for the circulating particle beams and as such, the tube wall separates the helium volume from the beam vacuum.

Main characteristics of the bare cold bore tubes for the main LHC dipoles & SSS
Material Seamless AISI 316 LN, External diameter 53 mm, Wall thickness 1.5 mm
Leak tightness < 1.10-11 Pa m3 s-1 with an external helium pressure of 2.6 MPa (absolute)

Beam screen which sits inside the cold bore tubes: The manufacturing process starts by co-laminating a specially developed low permeability 1mm thick austenitic stainless steel strip with a 75 µm copper sheet and rolling a saw-tooth structure which will
intercept photons at normal incidence, thereby reducing the amount of reflected photons. The pumping slots are punched into this composite strip, which is then rolled into its final shape and closed by a longitudinal weld.

The baseline for the room temperature (RT) beam vacuum system is to use 7 m long OFS copper chambers, with an inner diameter of 80 mm and fitted with standard DN100 Conflat™ flanges. The thickness of the copper is 2 mm and the chambers are coated with TiZrV non evaporable getter (NEG) [17], which after activation at low temperature (200°C) provides distributed pumping and low outgassing to maintain a low residual gas pressure, as well as a low secondary electron emission yield to avoid electron
multipacting.

Full details in chapter 12 of the LHC design report.

Units

1 Torr is the pressure that supports 1 mm of mercury or 1 mmHg.

Normal atmospheric pressure is defined as 1 atmosphere. 1 atm = 760 torr.

In SI units

1 pascal (Pa) = a force of 1 Newton per square meter

1 bar = 100,000 Pa

1 millibar = 0.001 bar = 100 Pa = 0.750 torr

1 atm = 101,325 Pascals = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr.